Impulse turbines are a type of water turbine designed to convert the kinetic energy of high-velocity water jets into mechanical energy. They operate by directing water through nozzles at high speed onto curved blades or buckets, causing the turbine wheel to spin without the water fully surrounding it. Since impulse turbines rely solely on the velocity of water, they are ideal for high-head, low-flow conditions. Common examples include the **Pelton wheel** and **Turgo turbine**, which are widely used in hydroelectric power generation in mountainous regions with steep waterfalls or high-pressure streams.